Joseph bushet and eighaed woodcock



(No Model.)

J. BUSHEY & RQWOODOOOK.

Tile Roofing.

No. 237,244. Patented Feb. 1, I881.

NJ ETERS, PHDTO-LITHOGRAPHER. WASHINGTON. D. Q

'NITED STATES PATENT Fries,

JOSEPH BUSHEY AND RICHARD WOODCOCK, OF DETROIT, MIGHIGAIT.

TILE ROOFING.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 237,244, dated February 1, 1881.

Application filed October 8, 1880.

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, JOSEPH BUSHEY and RICHARD WOODCOCK, of Detroit, in the county of Wayne and State of Michigan. have invented an Improvement in Tile Roofing, of which the following is a specification.

The nature of our invent-ion relates to new and useful improvements in the construction of tile roofs, which will be perfectly weatherproof and water-tight, without the necessity, as is ordinarily the case, of having the tiles composing the roof-covering laid in courses, the upper courses overlapping the lower.

The invention consists in the construction of aroof as more fully hereinafter described.

In the accompanying drawings, which form apart of this specification, A represents a course of tile laid at the lowest point of the root, and secured to the roof-boards by means of nails or screws, or in any other suitable manner. These tiles are rectangular in form, made from clay, about half an inch thick, and burned like brick.

On roofs of moderate dimensions and with the ordinary pitch it will be found unnecessary to secure only the lower course of tiles. The rest of the roof is then covered with similar tiles, in regular courses, preferably, and without overlapping.

In large roots, or in those with a very steep pitch, it may be found necessary to nail or otherwise secure one or more of the intermediate courses to the root boards. I

In making the tiles holes should be made in them, before burning, for the purpose of receiving the nails; but the tiles for the unsecured courses should not be perforated.

After the roof is covered with tiles, as described, a coating of cement, consisting of the following ingredients, and substantiallyin the following proportions, is applied to the entire surface of the tiles on the roof: Mix thoroughly together one gallon of gas or pine tar, one gallon of pulverized quicklime, one gallon of sand, and one ounce of pulverized copperas. Under conditions of heat this can readily be done, and the compound will be more easily applied and spread upon the roof (No model.)

tween the tile, and stuffs or fills the pores 0f'6o the tile, thereby making one solid sheet of fire and weather proof roofing.

If a higher polish is desired than will be had by the use of the above-described cement, Roman or Portland cement may be employed instead of the quicklime.

- We are aware that a roofing cement composed of coal tar and pulverized coke, to which salt or alum is added during the boiling process in small quantities, to act as a flux, causing the tar to boil, has heretofore been employed in conjunction with a small quantity of lime, and we therefore lay no claim to such composition of matter, which differs from ours in that we employ copperas, in lieu. of alum,

which does not act as a flux, but producesoxide of iron, which has the eft'ectof drying and hardening the cementa result not attained by the use of alum.

What we claim as our invention is 1. A composition of matter for roofing purposes, consisting of gas-tar, quicklime, sand, and copperas, mixed, while hot, in about the proportions herein set forth.

2. Aroof composed of non-overlapping'tiles covered by a cement composed of gas -tar, quicklime, sand, and copperas, mixed, while hot, in about the proportions herein set forth, and boiled into the crevices of the roof, substantially as described.

Witnesses:

H. S. SPRAGUE, A. WAHL. 

